Optic Atrophy 11

Clinical Characteristics
Ocular Features: 

Optic atrophy is seen as early as 5 years of age but may be congenital in origin as hypoplasia of the optic nerve was present in all patients.  Three of 4 affected children also were myopic.

Systemic Features: 

This is a form of mitochondriopathy with considerable clinical heterogeneity.  A single consanguineous family with 4 affected children of ages 5-16 years of age has been reported.

Common features include short stature, microcephaly (1 had macrocephaly), hearing impairment. Ataxia, dysmetria, and athetotic movements may be present.  Motor and mental development are delayed as is expressive speech.  Intellectual disability is present in all 4 patients.  Leukoencephalopathy was seen in all patients and one had brain atrophy.  Cerebellar hypoplasia was present in 2 of four patients.

Muscle mitochondria in one patient had morphologic changes.  Lactate levels and lactate/pyruvate ratios were elevated in the blood and CSF fluid of three patients.

Genetics

Homozygous mutations in the YME1L1 gene (10p12.1) were responsible for this condition in 4 offspring of a consanguineous Saudi Arabian family.   This is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial gene.

Treatment
Treatment Options: 

No treatment has been reported.Hom

References
Article Title: 

References

Hartmann B, Wai T, Hu H, MacVicar T, Musante L, Fischer-Zirnsak B, Stenzel W, Graf R, van den Heuvel L, Ropers HH, Wienker TF, Hubner C, Langer T, Kaindl AM. Homozygous YME1L1 mutation causes mitochondriopathy with optic atrophy and mitochondrial network fragmentation. Elife. 2016 Aug 6;5.

PubMedID: 27495975