Marfan Lipodystrophy Syndrome

Clinical Characteristics
Ocular Features: 

The eyes are large resulting in high myopia and apparent proptosis.  The palpebral fissures usually slant downwards and ectopia lentis may be present.  

Systemic Features: 

This syndrome shares many features of Marfan syndrome (154700) such as tall stature, dislocated lenses, myopia, high arched palate, aortic root and valvular anomalies, arachnodactyly, high arched palate, lax and hyperextensible joints, and pectus excavatum.  In addition, MFLS patients have retrognathia, intrauterine growth retardation, scarce or absent subcutaneous fat, a progeroid facies, and sometimes macrocephaly.  Postnatal growth and psychomotor development have been reported to be normal albeit with slow weight gain.

Genetics

This condition is transmitted as an autosomal dominant as the result of heterozygous mutations in FBN1 (15q21.1).  The same gene is mutated in 6 other conditions in this database including Marfan Syndrome (154700) with which it shares some features.

Treatment
Treatment Options: 

There is no treatment for the overall condition but individual features such as ectopia lentis can be surgically corrected.  Patients with high myopia require frequent evaluation for retinal tears and detachments.  Cardiac monitoring likewise is important to monitor for aortic valve prolapse and dilation of the aortic root.

References
Article Title: 

References

Jacquinet A, Verloes A, Callewaert B, Coremans C, Coucke P, de Paepe A, Kornak U, Lebrun F, Lombet J, Pierard GE, Robinson PN, Symoens S, Van Maldergem L, Debray FG. Neonatal progeroid variant of Marfan syndrome with congenital lipodystrophy results from mutations at the 3' end of FBN1 gene. Eur J Med Genet. 2014 Apr;57(5):230-4.

PubMedID: 24613577

Takenouchi T, Hida M, Sakamoto Y, Torii C, Kosaki R, Takahashi T, Kosaki K. Severe congenital lipodystrophy and a progeroid appearance: Mutation in the penultimate exon of FBN1 causing a recognizable phenotype. Am J Med Genet A. 2013 Dec;161A(12):3057-62.

PubMedID: 24039054