TSPAN12

Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy, EVR5

Clinical Characteristics
Ocular Features: 

The clinical picture is highly heterogeneous.  Abnormal peripheral vascularization of the retina is generally evident and most individuals have retinal exudates.  The amount of exudation is dependent to some extent upon age.  Fluorescein angiography may demonstrate incomplete vascularization of the peripheral retina.  The ocular phenotype can resemble retinal dysplasia.  Occasional infants can have severe retinal disease and may be considered blind but many individuals have minimal disease and retain good vision into adulthood.  Unfortunately, traction retinal detachments may develop at any time and are responsible for blindness in some patients. 

Cataracts are sometimes present. Ectopic pupils, lack of well-defined pupillary collarettes, remnants of the fetal vascular stalk, and shallowing of the anterior chamber have been noted in several patients.  Microphthalmia and corneal opacities may also be present.  Horizontal nystagmus can be seen in severely affected babies before one month of age.

Systemic Features: 

No systemic features have been reported.

Genetics

This disorder can be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern as the result of heterozygous mutations in the TSPAN12 gene (7q31.31).  However, individuals with more severe disease may have homozygous mutations in this gene. 

Pedigree: 
Autosomal dominant
Autosomal recessive
Treatment
Treatment Options: 

This disorder can be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern as the result of heterozygous mutations in the TSPAN12 gene (7q31.31).  However, individuals with more severe disease may have homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in this gene. 

References
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