Orofaciodigital Syndrome IX

Clinical Characteristics
Ocular Features: 

Multiple forms of orofaciodigital syndrome are recognized but this one (type IX, originally reported as VIII) is of ophthalmological interest because of the retinal anomalies.  Gurrieri’s original report calls these “retinochoroideal lacunae of colobomatous origin” similar to those found in Aicardi syndrome (304050).  These were further described as hypopigmented and atrophic appearing.  Synophyrs and hypertelorism have been noted and the ears may be low-set.

Systemic Features: 

Facial, oral, digital, psychomotor delays, and skeletal anomalies are major systemic features of OFD IX.  The oral manifestations include a high arched palate, cleft lip (sometimes subtle), bifid tongue, hemartomas on the tongue, abnormal tongue frenulation, and dental anomalies (supernumerary teeth).  Digital anomalies consist of mild syndactyly and occasionally polydactyly, brachydactyly, and bifid large toes.  Some patients have short stature.  Psychomotor delay is common and some patients have been described as mentally retarded.

Genetics

This is most likely an autosomal recessive condition since multiple sibs of both sexes have been identified.  Nothing is known of the locus or specific mutation.

Gurrieri’s name is attached to another syndrome (Gurrieri syndrome [601187]) with entirely different oculoskeletal features.

Treatment
Treatment Options: 

Specific malformations may need correction but there is no treatment for the overall disease.

References
Article Title: 

References

Nevin NC, Silvestri J, Kernohan DC, Hutchinson WM. Oral-facial-digital syndrome with retinal abnormalities: OFDS type IX. A further case report. Am J Med Genet. 1994 Jul 1;51(3):228-31.

PubMedID: 8074150

Gurrieri F, Sammito V, Ricci B, Iossa M, Bellussi A, Neri G. Possible new type of oral-facial-digital syndrome with retinal abnormalities: OFDS type (VIII). Am J Med Genet. 1992 Apr 1;42(6):789-92.

PubMedID: 1554016