retinal holes

Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy, EVR7

Clinical Characteristics
Ocular Features: 

The ocular features are primarily limited to the posterior chamber where there are areas of retinal avascularity, exudation, retinal holes, and detachments.  Areas of degeneration and pigmentary retinopathy may be present.  Vascular proliferation may be part of the process with vitreous traction and folds.  Progression of retinal damage is highly variable and surgical outcomes are unpredictable.  Long term vision outcomes are sometimes as good as 20/40 but in many eyes NLP or hand motion vision is the end result.  

Secondary changes in the anterior chamber and cornea from repeated surgeries may lead to glaucoma, cataracts, and corneal decompensation. 

Systemic Features: 

There are no consistent systemic abnormalities.

Genetics

Missense and nonsense heterozygous mutations in the CTNNB1 gene (3p22.1) segregate with this autosomal dominant condition found in two families of Japanese origin.  A Chinese 3-year-old with FEVR having a single BP insertion in the CTNNB1 gene also had global developmental delay and dysmorphic facies.

Pedigree: 
Autosomal dominant
Treatment
Treatment Options: 

The prognosis for vision is poor as the retinal damage often continues to evolve and additional folds and detachments develop.  Attempts to close retinal holes and repair detachments are important.

References
Article Title: 

Defects in the Cell Signaling Mediator β-Catenin Cause the Retinal Vascular Condition FEVR

Panagiotou ES, Sanjurjo Soriano C, Poulter JA, Lord EC, Dzulova D, Kondo H, Hiyoshi A, Chung BH, Chu YW, Lai CHY, Tafoya ME, Karjosukarso D, Collin RWJ, Topping J, Downey LM, Ali M, Inglehearn CF, Toomes C. Defects in the Cell Signaling Mediator v-Catenin Cause the Retinal Vascular Condition FEVR. Am J Hum Genet. 2017 Jun 1;100(6):960-968.

PubMed ID: 
28575650
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